3D Printer – G-code lijst

g-code logoLijst met G-codes, te gebruiken voor 3D printer.

Bron: RepRapwiki

Introduction

A typical piece of Gcode as sent to a RepRap machine might look like this:

The meaning of all those symbols and numbers (and more) is explained below.

To find out which specific Gcode(s) are implemented in any given firmware, there are little tables attached to the command descriptions, like this one:

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes automatic no  ??? experimental depreciated

Here means:

yes
The Gcode is fully supported by the firmware.
experimental
There is some support for the Gcode. Often it is required to check out the source code branch for the firmware (usually stored in a different branch) or to flip configuration switches on the mainboard.
automatic
The firmware handles this Gcode automatically, so there’s no need to send the command. An example is power supply on/off Gcode (M80/M81) in the Teacup firmware.
 ???
It is unknown if the firmware supports this Gcode. You may want to test this yourself before using it in production.
no
The firmware does not support this Gcode.
depreciated
The firmware depreciated this Gcode. The firmware author(s) should amend the depreciated Gcode on this page with workarounds (if needed) and the last supported firmware version that will accept this Gcode.

For the technically minded, Gcode line endings are Unix Line Endings (\n), but will accept Windows Line Endings (\r\n), so you should not need to worry about converting between the two, but it is best practice to use Unix Line Endings where possible.

RepRap G Code Fields

This section explains the letter-preceded fields. The numbers in the fields are represented by nnn. Numbers can be integers (128) or fractional (12.42) numbers, depending on context. For example, an X coordinate can take integers (X175) or fractionals (X17.62), but selecting extruder number 2.76 would make no sense.

Letter Meaning
Gnnn Standard GCode command, such as move to a point
Mnnn RepRap-defined command, such as turn on a cooling fan
Tnnn Select tool nnn. In RepRap, tools are extruders
Snnn Command parameter, such as the voltage to send to a motor
Pnnn Command parameter, such as a time in milliseconds
Xnnn A X coordinate, usually to move to. This can be an Integer or Fractional number.
Ynnn A Y coordinate, usually to move to. This can be an Integer or Fractional number.
Znnn A Z coordinate, usually to move to. This can be an Integer or Fractional number.
Innn Parameter – not currently used
Jnnn Parameter – not currently used
Fnnn Feedrate in mm per minute. (Speed of print head movement)
Rnnn Parameter – used for temperatures
Qnnn Parameter – not currently used
Ennn Length of extrudate in mm. This is exactly like X, Y and Z, but for the length of filament to extrude. It is common for newer stepper based systems to interpret … Better: Skeinforge 40 and up interprets this as the absolute length of input filament to consume, rather than the length of the extruded output.
Nnnn Line number. Used to request repeat transmission in the case of communications errors.
*nnn Checksum. Used to check for communications errors.

Comments

Gcode comments begin at a semicolon, and end at the end of the line:

Comments and white space will be ignored by your RepRap Printer. It’s better to strip these out on the host computer before sending the Gcode to your printer, as this saves bandwidth.

G0 & G1: Move

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes yes yes yes yes yes
Usage
G0 Xnnn Ynnn Znnn Ennn Fnnn Snnn
G1 Xnnn Ynnn Znnn Ennn Fnnn Snnn
Variables
Not all variables need to be used, but at least one has to be used
Xnnn The position to move to on the X axis
Ynnn The position to move to on the Y axis
Znnn The position to move to on the Z axis
Ennn The amount to extrude between the starting point and ending point
Fnnn The feedrate per minute of the move between the starting point and ending point (if supplied)
Snnn Flag to check if an endstop was hit (S1 to check, S0 to ignore, S2 see note, default is S0)1
Examples
G0 X12 (move to 12mm on the X axis)
G0 F1500 (Set the feedrate to 1500mm/minute)
G1 X90.6 Y13.8 E22.4 (Move to 90.6mm on the X axis and 13.8mm on the Y axis while extruding 22.4mm of material)

The RepRap firmware spec treats G0 and G1 as the same command, since it’s just as efficient as not doing so.2

Most RepRap firmwares do subtle things with feedrates.

In the above example, we set the feedrate to 1500mm/minute on line 1, then move to 50mm on the X axis and 25.3mm on the Y axis while extruding 22.4mm of filament between the two points.

However, in the above example, we set a feedrate of 1500 mm/minute on line 1, then do the move described above accelerating to a feedrate of 3000 mm/minute as it does so. The extrusion will accelerate along with the X and Y movement, so everything stays synchronized.

The RepRap spec treats the feedrate as simply another variable (like X, Y, Z, and E) to be linearly interpolated. This gives complete control over the acceleration and deceleration of the printer head in such a way that ensures that everything moves smoothly together, and the right volume of material is extruded at all points.3

To reverse the extruder by a given amount (for example to reduce its internal pressure while it does an in-air movement so that it doesn’t dribble) simply use G0 or G1 to send an E value that is less than the currently extruded length.

Notes

1Some firmwares allow for the RepRap to enable or disable the “sensing” of endstops during a move. Please check with whatever firmware you are using to see if they support the S variable in this way, as damage may occur if you assume incorrectly. In Duet-dc42 firmware, using the S1 or S2 parameter on a delta printer causes the XYZ parameters to refer to the individual tower motor positions instead of the head position, and to enable endstop detection as well if the parameter is S1.

2In the RS274NGC Spec, G0 is Rapid Move, which was used to move between the current point in space and the new point as quickly and efficiently as possible, and G1 is Controlled Move, which was used to move between the current point in space and the new point as precise as possible.

3Some firmwares may not support setting the feedrate inline with a move.

Some older machines, CNC or otherwise, used to move faster if they did not move in a straight line. This is also true for some non-karthesian printers, like delta or polar printers, which move easier and faster in a curve.

G2 & G3: Controlled Arc Move

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
no no no yes1 yes yes
Usage
G2 Xnnn Ynnn Innn Jnnn Ennn (Clockwise Arc)
G3 Xnnn Ynnn Innn Jnnn Ennn (Counter-Clockwise Arc)
Variables
Xnnn The position to move to on the X axis
Ynnn The position to move to on the Y axis
Innn The point in X space from the current X position to maintain a constant distance from
Jnnn The point in Y space from the current Y position to maintain a constant distance from
Ennn The amount to extrude between the starting point and ending point
Examples
G2 X90.6 Y13.8 I5 J10 E22.4 (Move in a Clockwise arc from the current point to point (X=90.6,Y=13.8), with a center point at (X=current_X+5, Y=current_Y+10), extruding 22.4mm of material between starting and stopping)
G3 X90.6 Y13.8 I5 J10 E22.4 (Move in a Counter-Clockwise arc from the current point to point (X=90.6,Y=13.8), with a center point at (X=current_X+5, Y=current_Y+10), extruding 22.4mm of material between starting and stopping)
Notes

1The Marlin Firmware can toggle support for these Gcodes. To enable support, make sure to define SCARA at compile time, or else the Gcodes will be ignored.

G28: Move to Origin (Home)

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes yes yes yes yes yes
Usage
G28
Variables
This Gcode can be used without any additional variables supplied
X Flag to go back to the X axis origin
Y Flag to go back to the Y axis origin
Z Flag to go back to the Z axis origin
Examples
G28 (Go to origin on all axes)
G28 X Z (Go to origin only on the X and Z axis)

When the RepRap firmware receives this command, it moves all (or the supplied) axis’s back to the zero endstops as quickly as it can, then backs off by a millimeter and slowly moves back to the zero endstop activation points to increase position accuracy. This process is also known as “Homing“.

If you add coordinates, these coordinates are ignored. For example, G28 Z0.00 results in the same behaviour as G28 Z.

G29-G32: Bed probing

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes yes yes

G29 Detailed Z-Probe

probes the bed at 3 points.

G30 Single Z Probe

In its simplest form probes bed at current XY location.

Some implementations allow more general behaviour: if a Pn field is specified the probed X, Y, and Z values are saved as point n on the bed for calculating the offset plane. Generally n is 0, 1, or 2. If X, or Y, or Z values are specified (e.g. G30 P1 X20 Y50 Z0.3) then those values are used instead of the machine’s current coordinates. A silly Z value (less than -9999.0) causes the machine to probe at the current point to get Z, rather than using the given value. If an S field is specfied (e.g. G30 P1 Z0.3 S) the bed plane is computed for compensation and stored. The combination of these options allows for the machine to be moved to points using G1 commands, and then probe the bed, or for the user to position the nozzle interactively and use those coordinates. The user can also record those values and place them in a setup GCode file for automatic execution.

G31 Report Current Probe status

When used on its own this reports whether the Z probe is triggered, or gives the Z probe value in some units if the probe generates height values. If combined with a Z and P field (example: G31 P312 Z0.7) this will set the Z height to 0.7mm when the Z-probe value reaches 312 when a G28 Z0 (zero Z axis) command is sent. The machine will then move a further -0.7mm in Z to place itself at Z = 0. This allows non-contact measuring probes to approach but not touch the bed, and for the gap left to be allowed for. If the probe is a touch probe and generates a simple 0/1 off/on signal, then G31 Z0.7 will tell the RepRap machine that it is at a height of 0.7mm when the probe is triggered.

In Duet-dc42 firmware, separate G31 parameters may be defined for probe types 0, 1/2, and 3 (probe types 1 and 2 share the same set of parameters). To specify which probe you are setting parameters for, send a M558 command to select the probe type before the G31 command.

Duet-dc42 firmware supports additional parameters S (bed temperature in degC at which the specified Z parameter is correct, default is current bed temperature), and C (temperature coefficient of Z parameter in mm/degC, default zero). This is useful for ultrasonic and other probes that are affected by temperature.

G32 Probe Z and calculate Z plane

probes the bed at 3 or 4 pre-defined points (see M557) and updates transformation matrix for bed leveling compensation.

Unbuffered G commands

The following commands are not buffered. When one is received it is stored, but it is not acknowledged to the host until the buffer is exhausted and then the command has been executed. Thus the host will pause at one of these commands until it has been done. Short pauses between these commands and any that might follow them do not affect the performance of the machine.

Teacup Firmware buffers G20, G21, G90 and G91.

G4: Dwell

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes yes yes

Example: G4 P200

In this case sit still doing nothing for 200 milliseconds. During delays the state of the machine (for example the temperatures of its extruders) will still be preserved and controlled.

On Marlin and Smoothie, the “S” parameter will wait for seconds, while the “P” parameter will wait for milliseconds. “G4 S2” and “G4 P2000” are equivalent.

G10: Tool Offset

Support RepRapPro Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes no no (Retract?)  ??? Retract

Example: G10 P3 X17.8 Y-19.3 Z0.0 R140 S205

This sets the offset for tool (or in older implementations extrude head) 3 (from the P3) to the X and Y values specified. You can put a non-zero Z value in as well, but this is usually a bad idea unless the tools are loaded and unloaded by some sort of tool changer. When all the tools are in the machine at once they should all be set to the same Z height.

Remember that any parameter that you don’t specify will automatically be set to the last value for that parameter. That usually means that you want explicitly to set Z0.0.

The R value is the standby temperature in oC that will be used for the tool, and the S value is its operating temperature. If you don’t want the tool to be at a different temperature when not in use, set both values the same. See the T code (select tool) below. In tools with multiple heaters the temperatures for them all are specified thus: R100.0:90.0:20.0 S185.0:200.0:150.0 .

The NIST G-code standard mentions an additional L parameter, which is ignored.

This command is subject to discussion.

Note that Marlin and Smoothie use G10/G11 for executing a retraction/unretraction move.

G20: Set Units to Inches

Example: G20

Units from now on are in inches.

G21: Set Units to Millimeters

Example: G21

Units from now on are in millimeters. (This is the RepRap default.)

G90: Set to Absolute Positioning

Example: G90

All coordinates from now on are absolute relative to the origin of the machine. (This is the RepRap default.)

G91: Set to Relative Positioning

Example: G91

All coordinates from now on are relative to the last position.

G92: Set Position

Example: G92 X10 E90

Allows programming of absolute zero point, by reseting the current position to the values specified. This would set the machine’s X coordinate to 10, and the extrude coordinate to 90. No physical motion will occur.

A G92 without coordinates will reset all axes to zero.

Unbuffered M and T commands

M0: Stop

Example: M0

The RepRap machine finishes any moves left in its buffer, then shuts down. All motors and heaters are turned off. It can be started again by pressing the reset button on the master microcontroller. See also M1, M112.

M1: Sleep

Example: M1

The RepRap machine finishes any moves left in its buffer, then shuts down. All motors and heaters are turned off. It can still be sent G and M codes, the first of which will wake it up again. See also M0, M112.

M3: Spindle On, Clockwise (CNC specific)

Example: M3 S4000

The spindle is turned on with a speed of 4000 RPM.

M4: Spindle On, Counter-Clockwise (CNC specific)

Example: M4 S4000

The spindle is turned on with a speed of 4000 RPM.

M5: Spindle Off (CNC specific)

Example: M5

The spindle is turned off.

M7: Mist Coolant On (CNC specific)

Example: M7

Mist coolant is turned on (if available)

M8: Flood Coolant On (CNC specific)

Example: M8

Flood coolant is turned on (if available)

M9: Coolant Off (CNC specific)

Example: M9

All coolant systems are turned off.

M10: Vacuum On (CNC specific)

Example: M10

Dust collection vacuum system turned on.

M11: Vacuum Off (CNC specific)

Example: M11

Dust collection vacuum system turned off.

M17: Enable/Power all stepper motors

Example: M17

M18: Disable all stepper motors

Example: M18

Disables stepper motors and allows axis to move ‘freely.’

M20: List SD card

Example: M20

All files in the root folder of the SD card are listed to the serial port. This results in a line like:

ok Files: {SQUARE.G,SQCOM.G,}

The trailing comma is optional. Note that file names are returned in upper case, but – when sent to the M23 command (below) they must be in lower case. This seems to be a function of the SD software. Go figure…

Duet-dc42 firmware returns the (long) filenames in the correct case. If the S2 parameter is present, the file list is returned in JSON format, as a single array called “files”. The optional P parameter specifies the directory to list, defaulting to the /gcodes directory.

M21: Initialize SD card

Example: M21

The SD card is initialized. If an SD card is loaded when the machine is switched on, this will happen by default. SD card must be initialized for the other SD functions to work.

M22: Release SD card

Example: M22

SD card is released and can be physically removed.

M23: Select SD file

Example: M23 filename.gco

The file specified as filename.gco (8.3 naming convention is supported) is selected ready for printing.

Duet-dc42 firmware supports long filenames as well as 8.3 format.

M24: Start/resume SD print

Example: M24

The machine prints from the file selected with the M23 command.

M25: Pause SD print

Example: M25

The machine pause printing at the current position within the file selected with the M23 command.

M26: Set SD position

Example: M26

Set SD position in bytes (M26 S12345).

M27: Report SD print status

Example: M27

Report SD print status.

M28: Begin write to SD card

Example: M28 filename.gco

File specified by filename.gco is created (or overwritten if it exists) on the SD card and all subsequent commands sent to the machine are written to that file.

M29: Stop writing to SD card

Example: M29 filename.gco

File opened by M28 command is closed, and all subsequent commands sent to the machine are executed as normal.

M30: Delete a file on the SD card

Example: M30 filename.gco

filename.gco is deleted.

M31: Output time since last M109 or SD card start to serial

Example: M31

The response looks like:

M32: Select file and start SD print

(Can be used when printing from SD card)

Example: M32 filename.gco

tba available in marlin(14/6/2014)

M33

Used by some variants of Marlin firmware. Purpose unknown.

M34

Used by some variants of Marlin firmware. Purpose unknown.

M36: Return file information

Example: M36 filename.gco

Returns information for the specified SD card file in JSON format. Supported by Duet-dc42 firmware. A sample response is:

{“err”:0,”size”:457574,”height”:4.00,”layerHeight”:0.25,”filament”:[6556.3],”generatedBy”:”Slic3r 1.1.7 on 2014-11-09 at 17:11:32″}

The “err” field is zero if successful, nonzero if the file was not found or an error occurred while processing it. The “size” field should always be present if the operation was successful. The presence or absence of other fields depends on whether the corresponding values could be found by reading the file. The “filament” field is an array of the filament lengths required from each spool. The size is in bytes, all other values are in mm. The fields may appear in any order, and additional fields may be present.

M40: Eject

If your RepRap machine can eject the parts it has built off the bed, this command executes the eject cycle. This usually involves cooling the bed and then performing a sequence of movements that remove the printed parts from it. The X, Y and Z position of the machine at the end of this cycle are undefined (though they can be found out using the M114 command, q.v.).

See also M240 and M241 below.

M41: Loop

Example: M41

If the RepRap machine was building a file from its own memory such as a local SD card (as opposed to a file being transmitted to it from a host computer) this goes back to the beginning of the file and runs it again. So, for example, if your RepRap is capable of ejecting parts from its build bed then you can set it printing in a loop and it will run and run. Use with caution – the only things that will stop it are:

  1. When you press the reset button,
  2. When the build material runs out (if your RepRap is set up to detect this), and
  3. When there’s an error (such as a heater failure).

M42: Stop on material exhausted / Switch I/O pin

M42 in ???

Example: M42

If your RepRap can detect when its material runs out, this decides the behaviour when that happens. The X and Y axes are zeroed (but not Z), and then the machine shuts all motors and heaters off. You have to press reset to reactivate the machine. In other words, it parks itself and then executes an M0 command (q.v.).

M42 in Marlin/Sprinter

Example: M42 P7 S255

M42 switches a general purpose I/O pin. Use M42 Px Sy to set pin x to value y, when omitting Px the LEDPIN will be used.

M42 in Teacup

Not needed. General purpose devices are handled like a heater, see M104.

M43: Stand by on material exhausted

Example: M43

If your RepRap can detect when its material runs out, this decides the behaviour when that happens. The X and Y axes are zeroed (but not Z), and then the machine shuts all motors and heaters off except the heated bed, the temperature of which is maintained. The machine will still respond to G and M code commands in this state.

M80: ATX Power On

Example: M80

Turns on the ATX power supply from standby mode to fully operational mode. No-op on electronics without standby mode.

Note: some firmwares, like Teacup, handle power on/off automatically, so this is redundant there. Also, see RAMPS wiring for ATX on/off

M81: ATX Power Off

Example: M81

Turns off the ATX power supply. Counterpart to M80.

M82: Set extruder to absolute mode

Example: M82

makes the extruder interpret extrusion as absolute positions.

This is the default in repetier.

M83: Set extruder to relative mode

Example: M83

makes the extruder interpret extrusion values as relative positions.

M84: Stop idle hold

Example: M84

Stop the idle hold on all axis and extruder. In some cases the idle hold causes annoying noises, which can be stopped by disabling the hold. Be aware that by disabling idle hold during printing, you will get quality issues. This is recommended only in between or after printjobs.

On Marlin, M84 can also be used to configure or disable the idle timeout. For example, “M84 S10” will idle the stepper motors after 10 seconds of inactivity. “M84 S0” will disable idle timeout; steppers will remain powered up regardless of activity.

M92: Set axis_steps_per_unit

Example: M92 X<newsteps> Sprinter and Marlin

Allows programming of steps per unit of axis till the electronics are reset for the specified axis. Very useful for calibration.

M98: Call Macro/Subprogram

Example: M98 Pmymacro.g

Runs the macro in the file mymacro.g. In conventional G Codes for CNC machines the P parameter normally refers to a line number in the program itself (P2000 would run the Macro starting at line O2000, say). For RepRap, which almost always has some sort of mass storage device inbuilt, it simply refers to the name of a GCode file that is executed by the G98 call. That GCode file does not need to end with an M99 (return) as the end-of-file automatically causes a return. It is usually a good idea to start a macro with an M120 (Push) instruction and to end it with an M121 (Pop) instruction, q.v. Macro calls cannot usually be nested or be recursive; i.e. you can’t call a macro from a macro (though some implementations may allow this).

M99: Return from Macro/Subprogram

Example: M99

Returns from an M98 call.

M98: Get axis_hysteresis_mm

Deprecated – clashes with the G Code standard M98 above

Example: M98

Report the current hysteresis values in mm for all of the axis.

Proposed for Marlin

M99: Set axis_hysteresis_mm

Deprecated – clashes with the G Code standard M99 above

Example: M99 X<mm> Y<mm> Z<mm> E<mm>

Allows programming of axis hysteresis. Mechanical pulleys, gears and threads can have hysteresis when they change direction. That is, a certain number of steps occur before movement occurs. You can measure how many mm are lost to hysteresis and set their values with this command. Every time an axis changes direction, these extra mm will be added to compensate for the hysteresis.

Proposed for Marlin

M101: Turn extruder 1 on (Forward), Undo Retraction

M101 in Teacup firmware

If a DC extruder is present, turn that on. Else, undo filament retraction, which means, make the extruder ready for extrusion. Complement to M103.

M101 in other firmwares

Deprecated. Regarding filament retraction, see M227, M228, M229.

M102: Turn extruder 1 on (Reverse)

Deprecated.

M103: Turn all extruders off, Extruder Retraction

M103 in Teacup firmware

If a DC extruder is present, turn that off. Else, retract the filament in the hope to prevent nozzle drooling. Complement to M101.

M103 in other firmwares

Deprecated. Regarding extruder retraction, see M227, M228, M229.

M104: Set Extruder Temperature

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes yes yes yes yes yes

Example: M104 S190

Set the temperature of the current extruder to 190oC and return control to the host immediately (i.e. before that temperature has been reached by the extruder). Duet-dc42 firmware also supports the optional T parameter (as generated by slic3r) to specify which tool the command applies to. See also M109.

This is deprecated because temperatures should be set using the G10 and T commands (q.v.).

Deprecation is subject to discussion. —Traumflug 11:33, 19 July 2012 (UTC)

M104 in Teacup Firmware

In Teacup Firmware, M104 can be additionally used to handle all devices using a temperature sensor. It supports the additional P parameter, which is a zero-based index into the list of sensors in config.h. For devices without a temp sensor, see M106.

Example: M104 P1 S100

Set the temperature of the device attached to the second temperature sensor to 100 °C.

M105: Get Extruder Temperature

Example: M105

Request the temperature of the current extruder and the build base in degrees Celsius. The temperatures are returned to the host computer. For example, the line sent to the host in response to this command looks like:

Expansion/generalization of M105 to be considered using S1 parameter as noted in Pronterface I/O Monitor

Duet-dc42 extension

Duet-dc42 firmware returns a JSON-formatted response if parameter S2 or S3 is included. This is used by the touch-screen control panel. The response comprises a single JSON object, with no nesting of objects or arrays. It is similar to the object returned by the web interface status request, but some fields are omitted. Here is a sample response when S2 is used:

The meaning of these fields is:

The response when S3 is used comprises these field plus some additional ones that do not generally change (e.g. the machine name and axis lengths) and therefore do not need to be fetched as often. In particular, the machine name is returned in variable “myName”.

The fields may be in any order in the response. Other implementations may omit fields and/or add additional fields.

M106: Fan On

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes yes yes yes

Example: M106 S127

Turn on the cooling fan at half speed.

Mandatory parameter ‘S’ declares the PWM value (0-255). M106 S0 turns the fan off. In some implementations the pwm is specified by a real fraction: M106 S0.7.

M106 in Duet Firmware

Duet-dc42 firmware also supports an optional I parameter. If this parameter is present and greater than zero, the cooling fan output is inverted. This makes the cooling fan output suitable for feeding the PWM input of a 4-wire fan via a diode. If the parameter is present and zero or negative, the output is not inverted. If the parameter is not present, the inverted/non-inverted state remains unchanged. The default at power up is not inverted.

If the ‘R’ parameter is passed when using Duet-zpl firmware (0.96g+), the last-known fan value will be set. If the ‘S’ parameter is passed along with ‘R’, the firmware will not reset the last-known fan value. This may be useful for tool change macro files.

M106 in Teacup Firmware

Additionally to the above, Teacup Firmware uses M106 to control general devices. It supports the additional P parameter, which is an zero-based index into the list of heaters/devices in config.h.

Example: M106 P2 S255

Turn on device #3 at full speed/wattage.

Note: When turning on a temperature sensor equipped heater with M106 and M104 at the same time, temperature control will override the value given in M106 quickly.

M107: Fan Off

Deprecated. Use M106 S0 instead.

M108: Set Extruder Speed

Sets speed of extruder motor. (Deprecated in current firmware, see M113)

M109: Set Extruder Temperature and Wait

Support RepRapPro Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
(See G10) not needed see text yes  ??? yes
M109 in Teacup

Not needed. To mimic Marlin behaviour, use M104 followed by M116.

M109 in Marlin, Sprinter (ATmega port), Duet

Set extruder heater temperature in degrees celsius and wait for this temperature to be achieved.

Example: M109 S185

Duet-dc42 firmware also supports the optional T parameter (as generated by slic3r) to specify which tool the command refers to (see below).

M109 in Sprinter (4pi port)

Parameters: S (optional), set target temperature value. If not specified, waits for the temperature set by M104. R (optional), sets target temperature range maximum value.

Example: M109 S185 R240 //sets extruder temperature to 185 and waits for the temperature to be between 185 – 240.

If you have multiple extruders, use T or P parameter to specify which extruder you want to set/wait.

Another way to do this is to use G10.

M110: Set Current Line Number

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
 ??? not needed  ???  ???  ??? yes

Example: M110 N123

Set the current line number to 123. Thus the expected next line after this command will be 124.

M111: Set Debug Level

Example: M111 S6

Set the level of debugging information transmitted back to the host to level 6. The level is the OR of three bits:

Thus 6 means send information and errors, but don’t echo commands. (This is the RepRap default.)

For firmware that supports ethernet and web interfaces M111 S9 will turn web debug information on without changing any other debug settings, and M111 S8 will turn it off. Web debugging usually means that HTTP requests will be echoed to the USB interface, as will the responses.

Example: M253

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
Debug different mechanism

M112: Emergency Stop

Example: M112

Any moves in progress are immediately terminated, then RepRap shuts down. All motors and heaters are turned off. It can be started again by pressing the reset button on the master microcontroller. See also M0 and M1.

M113: Set Extruder PWM

Example: M113

Set the PWM for the currently-selected extruder. On its own this command sets RepRap to use the on-board potentiometer on the extruder controller board to set the PWM for the currently-selected extruder’s stepper power. With an S field:

M113 S0.7

it causes the PWM to be set to the S value (70% in this instance). M113 S0 turns the extruder off, until an M113 command other than M113 S0 is sent.

M114: Get Current Position

Example: M114

This causes the RepRap machine to report its current X, Y, Z and E coordinates to the host.

For example, the machine returns a string such as:

ok C: X:0.00 Y:0.00 Z:0.00 E:0.00

In Marlin first 3 numbers is the position for the planner. The other positions are the positions from the stepper function. This helps for debugging a previous stepper function bug.

X:0.00 Y:0.00 RZ:0.00 LZ:0.00 Count X:0.00 Y:0.00 RZ:41.02 LZ:41.02

M115: Get Firmware Version and Capabilities

Example: M115

Request the Firmware Version and Capabilities of the current microcontroller The details are returned to the host computer as key:value pairs separated by spaces and terminated with a linefeed.

sample data from firmware:

This M115 code is inconsistently implemented, and should not be relied upon to exist, or output correctly in all cases. An initial implementation was committed to svn for the FiveD Reprap firmware on 11 Oct 2010. Work to more formally define protocol versions is currently (October 2010) being discussed. See M115_Keywords for one draft set of keywords and their meanings.

M116: Wait

Example: M116

Wait for all temperatures and other slowly-changing variables to arrive at their set values. See also M109.

Duet-dc42 firmware version 0.78c and later supports an optional P parameter, used to specify a tool number. If this parameter is present, then the system only waits for temperatures associated with that tool to arrive at their set values. This is useful during tool changes, to wait for the new tool to heat up without necessarily waiting for the old one to cool down fully.

M117: Get Zero Position

Example: M117

This causes the RepRap machine to report the X, Y, Z and E coordinates in steps not mm to the host that it found when it last hit the zero stops for those axes. That is to say, when you zero X, the x coordinate of the machine when it hits the X endstop is recorded. This value should be 0, of course. But if the machine has drifted (for example by dropping steps) then it won’t be. This command allows you to measure and to diagnose such problems. (E is included for completeness. It doesn’t normally have an endstop.)

M117 in Marlin, Smoothie and Duet-dc42: Display Message

Example: M117 Hello World

This causes the given message to be shown in the status line on an attached LCD. The above command will display Hello World.

M118: Negotiate Features

Example: M118 P42

This M-code is for future proofing. NO firmware or hostware supports this at the moment. It is used in conjunction with M115’s FEATURES keyword.

See Protocol_Feature_Negotiation for more info.

M119: Get Endstop Status

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes yes yes yes

Example: M119

Returns the current state of the configured X, Y, Z endstops. Takes into account any ‘inverted endstop’ settings, so one can confirm that the machine is interpreting the endstops correctly.

M120: Push

Push the state of the RepRap machine onto a stack. Exactly what variables get pushed depends on the implementation (as does the depth of the stack – a typical depth might be 5). A sensible minimum, however, might be

  1. Current feedrate, and
  2. Whether moves (and separately extrusion) are relative or absolute

M121: Pop

Recover the last state pushed onto the stack.

M122: Diagnose

Sending an M122 causes the RepRap to transmit diagnostic information, for eaxmple via a USB serial link.

M123: Tachometer value

Sending an M123 causes the RepRap to transmit filament tachometer values from all extruders.

M124: Immediate motor stop

Immediately stops all motors.

M126: Open Valve

Example: M126 P500

Open the extruder’s valve (if it has one) and wait 500 milliseconds for it to do so.

M127: Close Valve

Example: M127 P400

Close the extruder’s valve (if it has one) and wait 400 milliseconds for it to do so.

M128: Extruder Pressure PWM

Example: M128 S255

PWM value to control internal extruder pressure. S255 is full pressure.

M129: Extruder pressure off

Example: M129 P100

In addition to setting Extruder pressure to 0, you can turn the pressure off entirely. P400 will wait 100ms to do so.

M130: Set PID P value

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes (See M30[01]) See M301

Example: M130 P 0 S 8.0 # Sets heater 0 P factor to 8.0
Teacup can control multiple heaters with independent PID controls. For the default shown at https://github.com/Traumflug/Teacup_Firmware/blob/master/config.default.h, heater 0 is the extruder (P0), and heater 1 is the bed (P1).

Teacup’s PID proportional units are in pwm/255 counts per quarter C, so to convert from counts/C, you would divide by 4. Conversely, to convert from count/qC to count/C, multiply by 4. In the above example, S=8 represents a Kp=8*4=32 counts/C.

M131: Set PID I value

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes (See M30[01]) See M301

Example: M131 P 1 S 0.5 # Sets heater 1 I factor to 0.5
Teacup’s PID integral units are in pwm/255 counts per (quarter C*quarter second), so to convert from counts/qCqs, you would divide by 16. Conversely, to convert from count/qCqs to count/Cs, multiply by 16. In the above example, S=0.5 represents a Ki=0.5*16=8 counts/Cs.

 

M132: Set PID D value

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes (See M30[01]) See M301

Example: M132 P 0 S 24 # Sets heater 0 D factor to 24.0
Teacup’s PID derivative units are in pwm/255 counts per (quarter degree per 2 seconds), so to convert from counts/C, you would divide by 4. Conversely, to convert from count/qC to count/C, multiply by 8. In the above example, S=24 represents a Kd=24*8=194 counts/(C/s).

M133: Set PID I limit value

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier
yes

Example: M133 P 1 S 264 # Sets heater 1 I limit value to 264
Teacup’s PID integral limit units are in quarter-C*quarter-seconds, so to convert from C-s, you would multiply by 16. Conversely, to convert from qC*qs to C*s, divide by 16. In the above example, S=264 represents an integral limit of 16.5 C*s.

M134: Write PID values to EEPROM

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes See M504

Example: M134

M135: Set PID sample interval

Example: M135 S300

Set the PID to measure temperatures and calculate the power to send to the heaters every 300ms.

M136: Print PID settings to host

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier
Debug

Example: M136 P1 # print heater 0 PID parameters to host

M140: Bed Temperature (Fast)

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes yes yes yes Yes

Example: M140 S55

Set the temperature of the build bed to 55oC and return control to the host immediately (i.e. before that temperature has been reached by the bed). There is an optional R field that sets the bed standby temperature: M140 S65 R40.

M141: Chamber Temperature (Fast)

Example: M141 S30

Set the temperature of the chamber to 30oC and return control to the host immediately (i.e. before that temperature has been reached by the chamber).

M142: Holding Pressure

Example: M142 S1

Set the holding pressure of the bed to 1 bar.

The holding pressure is in bar. For hardware which only has on/off holding, when the holding pressure is zero, turn off holding, when the holding pressure is greater than zero, turn on holding.

M143: Maximum hot-end temperature

Example: M143 S275

Set the maximum temperature of the hot-end to 275C

When temperature of the hot-end exceeds this value, take countermeasures, for instance an emergency stop. This is to prevent hot-end damage.

M144: Stand By Your Bed

Example: M144

Switch the bed to its standby temperature. M140 turns it back to its active temperature; no need for any arguments for that use of M140.

M160: Number of mixed materials

Example: M160 S4

This command has been superseded by the tool definition command M563 (see below).

Set the number of materials, N, that the current extruder can handle to the number specified. The default is 1.

When N >= 2, then the E field that controls extrusion requires N values separated by colons “:” after it like this:

The second line moves straight to the point (90.6, 13.8) extruding a total of 22.4mm of filament. The mix ratio for the move is 0.1:0.1:0.1:0.7.

The third line moves back 20mm in X extruding 42.4mm of filament.

The fourth line has no physical effect.

M190: Wait for bed temperature to reach target temp

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
obsolete, see M116 yes yes yes

Example: M190 S60

This will wait until the bed temperature reaches 60 degrees, printing out the temperature of the hot end and the bed every second.

M200: Set filament diameter / Get Endstop Status

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
yes yes

M200 Dm.mmm sets the filament diameter to m.mmm millimeters. It is used with ‘volumetric calibration’ and G-code generated for an ideal 1.128mm diameter filament, which has a volume of 1mm^3 per millimeter. The intention is to be able to generate filament-independent g-code. (See Triffid_Hunter’s_Calibration_Guide#Optional:_Switch_to_volumetric_E_units and http://wooden-mendel.blogspot.com/2011/09/volumetric-stage-two.html for more information.)

M200 D0 or M200 D1.128 ; reset E multiplier to 1, since sqrt(1/pi)*2=1.128

See also Gcode#M119:_Get_Endstop_Status

Question: what does a firmware do with filament diameter? Has this an effect on how much an E command moves the extruder motor? —Traumflug 11:34, 14 October 2012 (UTC) Yes, Marlin uses this to set a ‘volumetric_multiplier’ by which the E-steps of a move are scaled in the planner.DaveX (talk) 16:44, 12 April 2014 (PDT) Smoothie implements the same thing as Marlin —Arthurwolf (talk) 05:23, 10 November 2014 (PST)

M201: Set max printing acceleration

Example: M201 X1000 Y1000 Z100 E2000

Sets the acceleration that axes can do in units/second^2 for print moves. For consistency with the rest of G Code movement this should be in units/(minute^2), but that gives really silly numbers and one can get lost in all the zeros. So for this we use seconds.

M202: Set max travel acceleration

in units/s^2 for travel moves (M202 X1000 Y1000) Unused in Marlin!!

M203: Set maximum feedrate

Example: M203 X6000 Y6000 Z300 E10000

Sets the maximum feedrates that your machine can do in mm/min.

M204: Set default acceleration

S normal moves T filament only moves (M204 S3000 T7000) im mm/sec^2 also sets minimum segment time in ms (B20000) to prevent buffer underruns and M20 minimum feedrate

M205: Advanced settings

minimum travel speed S=while printing T=travel only, B=minimum segment time X= maximum xy jerk, Z=maximum Z jerk, E=maximum E jerk

M206: Set home offset

Example: M206 X10.0 Y10.0 Z-0.4

The values specified are added to the endstop position when the axes are referenced. The same can be achieved with a G92 right after homing (G28, G161).

With Marlin firmware, this value can be saved to EEPROM using the M500 command.

A similar command is G10, aligning these two is subject to discussion.

M207: Calibrate z axis by detecting z max length

Example: M207

After placing the tip of the nozzle in the position you expect to be considered Z=0, issue this command to calibrate the Z axis. It will perform a z axis homing routine and calculate the distance traveled in this process. The result is stored in EEPROM as z_max_length. For using this calibration method the machine must be using a Z MAX endstop.

This procedure is usually more reliable than mechanical adjustments of a Z MIN endstop.

NOTE: Marlin defines M207 as “set retract length S[positive mm] F[feedrate mm/min] Z[additional zlift/hop], stays in mm regardless of M200 setting”

M208: Set axis max travel

Example: M208 X250 Y210 Z180

The values specified set the software limits for axis travel in the positive direction.

With Marlin firmware, this value can be saved to EEPROM using the M500 command.

With Duet-dc42 firmware, on a Cartesian printer you can also use this command to specify software limits for axis travel in the negative direction, by adding parameter S1. The axis limits you set are also the positions assumed when an endstop is triggered. For Duet-dc42 firmware on a delta printer, instead of XYZ parameters, use the R parameter to specify the radius of the circular print area and the Z parameter to set the maximum printing height.

NOTE: Marlin defines M208 as “set recover=unretract length S[positive mm surplus to the M207 S*] F[feedrate mm/sec]”

M209: Enable automatic retract

Example: M209 S1

This boolean value S 1=true or 0=false enables automatic retract detect if the slicer did not support G10/11: every normal extrude-only move will be classified as retract depending on the direction.

M210: Set homing feedrates

Example: M210 X1000 Y1500

Set the feedrates used for homing to the values specified in mm per minute.

M211: Disable/Enable software endstops

The boolean value S 1=enable or 0=disable controls state of software endstop.

The boolean value X, Y or Z 1=max endstop or 0=min endstop selects which endstop is controlled.

Example: M211 X1 Y1 Z1 S0

Disables X,Y,Z max endstops

Example: M211 X0 S1

Enables X min endstop

Example: M211

Prints current state of software endstops.

M220: Set speed factor override percentage

Example: M220 S80

S<factor in percent>- set speed factor override percentage

M221: Set extrude factor override percentage

Example: M221 S70

M226: Gcode Initiated Pause

Example: M226

Initiates a pause in the same way as if the pause button is pressed. That is, program execution is stopped and the printer waits for user interaction. This matches the behaviour of M1 in the NIST RS274NGC G-code standard and M0 in Marlin firmware.

M227: Enable Automatic Reverse and Prime

Example: M227 P1600 S1600

P and S are steps.

“Reverse and Prime” means, the extruder filament is retracted some distance when not in use and pushed forward the same amount before going into use again. This shall help to prevent drooling of the extruder nozzle. Teacup firmware implements this with M101/M103.

M228: Disable Automatic Reverse and Prime

Example: M228

See also M227.

M229: Enable Automatic Reverse and Prime

Example: M229 P1.0 S1.0

P and S are extruder screw rotations. See also M227.

M230: Disable / Enable Wait for Temperature Change

Example: M230 S1

S1 Disable wait for temperature change S0 Enable wait for temperature change

M240: Start conveyor belt motor / Echo off

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier
Debug: Echo off

Example: M240

The conveyor belt allows to start mass production of a part with a reprap.

Echoing may be controlled in some firmwares with M111

M241: Stop conveyor belt motor / echo on

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier
Debug: Echo on

Example: M241

Echoing may be controlled in some firmwares with M111

M245: Start cooler

Example: M245

used to cool parts/heated-bed down after printing for easy remove of the parts after print

M246: Stop cooler

Example: M246

M251: Measure Z steps from homing stop (Delta printers)

M251 S0 – Reset, S1 – Print, S2 – Store to Z length (also EEPROM if enabled)

(This is a Repetier-Firmware only feature)

M280: Set servo position

(Marlin, Repetier M340)

M280 – set servo position absolute. P: servo index, S: angle or microseconds (Marlin)

M300: Play beep sound

Usage: M300 S<frequency Hz> P<duration ms>

Example: M300 S300 P1000

Play beep sound, use to notify important events like the end of printing. See working example on R2C2 electronics. Also supported by duet-dc42 firmware via the sounder on the add-on touch screen control panel.

M301: Set PID parameters – Hot End

Support Duet Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
PIDCHW (See M13[0-3]) PID yes

Sets Proportional, Integral and Derivative values for hot end. The value C refers to an extrusion rate. The value T is the approximate additional PWM (on a scale of 0 to 255) needed to maintain each additional 1C temperature, used to preset the I-accumulator when switching from heater fully on/off to PID. H is the heater number, default 1 (i.e. first extruder heater). Duet-dc42 firmware interprets a negative P term as indicating that bang-bag control should be used instead of PID (not recommended for the hot end, but OK for H0 which is the bed heater). The S factor is designed to allow a correction to be made for a change in heater power and/or power supply voltage without having to change all the other parameters. For example, an S factor of 0.8 means that the final output of the PID controller should be scaled to 0.8 times the standard value, which would compensate for a heater that is 25% more powerful than the standard one or a supply voltage that is 12.5% higher than standard.

See also PID Tuning.

Alternate implementation

Example: M301 W125

See M130, M131, M132, M133 for Teacup’s codes for setting the PID parameters.

M302: Allow cold extrudes

This tells the printer to allow movement of the extruder motor, when the hotend is not at printing temperature

Example: M302

When using Duet-zpl or Duet-dc42 firmwares, running M302 will only report the current cold extrusion state. To allow or deny cold extrudes/retracts, run either “M302 P1” or “M302 P0”.

M303: Run PID tuning

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
PID PID PID

PID Tuning refers to a control algorithm used in some repraps to tune heating behavior for hot ends and heated beds. This command generates Proportional (Kp), Integral (Ki), and Derivative (Kd) values for the hotend or bed (E-1). Send the appropriate code and wait for the output to update the firmware.

Hot end usage:

Bed usage:

Example:

Smoothie’s syntax, where E0 is the first temperature control module (usually the hot end) and E1 is the second temperature control module (usually the bed):

M304: Set PID parameters – Bed

Support FiveD Teacup Sprinter Marlin Repetier Smoothie
PID See M301

Sets Proportional, Integral and Derivative values for bed. Duet-dc42 firmware interprets a negative P term as indicating that bang-bag control should be used instead of PID. In Duet-dc42 firmware, this command is identical to M301 except that the H parameter (heater number) defaults to zero.

See also PID Tuning.

M305: Set thermistor and ADC parameters

Sets the parameters for temperature measurement. Supported by RepRapFirmware from 0.78c, and Duet-dc42 firmware.

Example: M305 P1 T100000 R1000 B4200

This tells the firmware that for heater 1 (P parameter: 0 = heated bed, 1 = first extruder) the thermistor 25C resistance (T parameter) is 100Kohms, the thermistor series resistance (R parameter) is 1Kohms, the thermistor beta (B parameter) is 4200. All parameters other than P are optional. If only the P parameter is given, the existing values are displayed.

Additionally, Duet-dc42 firmware supports an ADC correction functionality and a thermistor selection facility.

Example: M305 P1 T100000 R1000 B4200 H14 L-11 X2

Here the ADC high end correction (H parameter) is 14, the ADC low end correction (L parameter) is -11, and thermistor input #2 is used to measure the temperature of heater #1.

M306: set home offset calculated from toolhead position

Example: M306 Z0

The values specified are added to the calculated end stop position when the axes are referenced. The calculated value is derived from the distance of the toolhead from the current axis zero point.

The user would typically place the toolhead at the zero point of the axis and issue the M306 command.

This value can be saved to EEPROM using the M500 command (as M206 value).

Implemented in Smoothieware

M340: Control the servos(Repetier)

(Repetier only ,Marlin see M280)

M340 P<servoId> S<pulseInUS> / ServoID = 0..3 pulseInUs = 500..2500 Servos are controlled by a pulse width normally between 500 and 2500 with 1500ms in center position. 0 turns servo off.

M400: Wait for current moves to finish

Finishes all current moves and and thus clears the buffer. That’s identical to G4 P0.

Example: M400

M420: Set RGB Colors as PWM

Usage: M420 R<Red PWM (0-255)> E<Green PWM (0-255)> B<Blue PWM (0-255)>

Example: M420 R255 E255 B255

Set the color of your RGB LEDs that are connected to PWM-enabled pins. Note, the Green color is controlled by the E value instead of the G value due to the G code being a primary code that cannot be overridden.

M540: Set MAC address

Example: M540 P0xBE:0xEF:0xDE:0xAD:0xFE:0xED

Sets the MAC address of the RepRap. This should be done before any other network commands. The MAC address is six one-byte hexadecimal numbers separated by colons. The 0x prefix is optional in later firmware revisions.

M550: Set Name

Example: M550 PGodzilla

Sets the name of the RepRap to (in this case) Godzilla. The name can be any string of printable characters except ‘;’, which still means start comment.

M551: Set Password

Example: M551 Pmy-very-secret-word

On machines that need a password to activate them, set that password. The code ‘P’ is not part of the password. Note that as this is sent in clear it does not (nor is it intended to) offer a very high level of security. But on machines that are (say) on a network, it prevents idle messing about by the unauthorised. The password can contain any printable characters except ‘;’, which still means start comment.

M552: Set IP address

Example: M552 P192.168.1.14

Sets the IP address of the RepRap machine to (in this case) 192.168.1.14. A restart may be required before the new IP address is used. If no P field is specified, this echoes the existing IP address configured. If S0 is added thus: M552 S0 P192.168.1.14 networking is disabled.

M553: Set Netmask

Example: M553 P255.255.255.0

Sets the network mask of the RepRap machine to (in this case) 255.255.255.0. A restart may be required before the new network mask is used. If no P field is specified, this echoes the existing network mask configured.

M554: Set Gateway

Example: M554 P192.168.1.1

Sets the Gateway IP address of the RepRap machine to (in this case) 192.168.1.1. A restart may be required before the new gateway IP address is used. If no P field is specified, this echoes the existing Gateway IP address configured.

M555: Set compatibility

Example: M555 P1

For firmware that can do it, sets the firmware to a mode where its input and (especially) output behaves exactly like other established firmware. The value of the P argument is:

P value Firmware
0 Native (i.e. whatever the firmware actually is)
1 RepRap_Firmware
2 Marlin
3 Teacup
4 Sprinter
5 Repetier

M556: Axis compensation

Example: M556 S100 X0.7 Y-0.2 Z0.6

Though with care and adjustment a RepRap can be set up with its axes at right-angles to each other within the accuracy of the machine, who wants to bother with care and adjustment when the problem can be solved by software? This tells software the tangents of the angles between the axes of the machine obtained by printing then measuring a test part. The S parameter (100 here) is the length of a triangle along each axis in mm. The X, Y and Z figures are the number of millimeters of the short side of the triangle that represents how out of true a pair of axes is. The X figure is the error between X and Y, the Y figure is the error between Y and Z, and the Z figure is the error between X and Z. Positive values indicate that the angle between the axis pair is obtuse, negative acute.

M557: Set Z probe point

Example: M557 P1 X30 Y40.5

Set the points at which the bed will be probed to compensate for its plane being slightly out of horizontal. The P value is the index of the point (indices start at 0) and the X and Y values are the position to move extruder 0 to to probe the bed. An implementation should allow a minimum of three points (P0, P1 and P2). This just records the point coordinates; it does not actually do the probing. See G32.

M558: Set Z probe type

Example: M558 P0

A Z probe may be a switch (the default) an IR proximity sensor, or some other device. This selects which to use. P0 gives a switch. P1 gives an unmodulated IR probe, or any other probe type that emulates an unmodulated IR probe (probe output is an analog signal that rises with decreasing nozzle height above the bed). If there is a control signal to the probe, it is driven high when the probe type is P1. P2 specifies a modulated IR probe, where the modulation is commanded directly by the main board firmware using the control signal to the probe. P3 selects an alternative Z probe by driving the control signal to the probe low. See also G31 and G32.

M559: Upload configuration file

Example: M559

If the RepRap supports it, this uploads a file that is run on re-boot to configure the machine. This file usually is a special G Code file. After sending M559, the file should be sent, ending with an M29 (q.v.).

M560: Upload web page file

Example: M560

For RepRaps that have web support and that can be driven by a web browser, this uploads the file that is the control page for the RepRap. After sending M560 the file (usually an HTML file) should be sent, terminated by the string

. Clearly that string cannot exist in the body of the file, but can be put on the end to facilitate this process. This should not be too serious a restriction…

M561: Set Identity Transform

Example: M561

This cancels any bed-plane fitting as the result of probing (or anything else) and returns the machine to moving in the user’s coordinate system.

M562: Reset temperature fault

Example: M562 P2

Reset a temperature fault on heater/sensor 2. If the RepRap has switched off and locked a heater because it has detected a fault, this will reset the fault condition and allow you to use the heater again. Obviously to be used with caution. If the fault persists it will lock out again after you have issued this command. P0 is the bed; P1 the first extruder, and so on.

M563: Define a tool

Example: M563 P3 D0:5:6 H1:3

Tools are usually (though not necessarily) extruders. The P field specifies the tool number. The D field specifies the drive(s) used by the tool – in this case drives 0, 5 and 6. Drive 0 is the first drive in the machine after the movement drives (usually X, Y and Z). If there is no D field the tool has no drives. The H field specifies the tool’s heaters – in this case heaters 1 and 3. Heater 0 is usually the hot bed (if any) so the first extruder heater is usually 1. If there is no H field the tool has no heaters.

Tools are driven using multiple values in the E field of G1 commands, each controlling the corresponding drive in the D field above, as follows:

The first line moves straight to the point (90.6, 13.8) extruding a total of 2.24mm of filament from both drives 0 and 5 and 15.98mm of filament from drive 6.

The second line moves back 20mm in X extruding 42.4mm of filament from drive 6.

Normally an M563 command is immediately followed by a G10 command to set the tool’s offsets and temperatures.

It is permissible for different tools to share some (or all) of their drives and heaters. So, for example, you can define two tools with identical hardware, but that just operate at different temperatures.

Duet-dc42 firmware supports an additional form of the M563 command. The command:

means add 1 (the value of the S parameter) to all tool numbers found in the remainder of the current input stream (e.g. the current file if the command is read from a file on the SD card), or until a new M563 command of this form is executed. The purpose of this is to provide compatibility between the Duet firmware, in which tool numbers typically start at 1, and programs such as slic3r that assume tools are numbered from zero.

M564: Limit axes

Example: M564 S0

Allow moves outside the print volume, or not. If the S parameter is 0, then you can send G codes to drive the RepRap outside its normal working volume, and it will attempt to do so. User beware… If you set the S parameter to 1 then the RepRap will not think outside the box. The default behaviour is S = 1.

M565: Set Z probe offset

Example: M565 X3 Y4.5 Z-2.37

Set the offset from the extruder tip to the probe position. The X, Y and Z values are the delta between the extruder and the actual trigger position of the probe. If the probe trigger point is below the extruder (typical) the Z offset will be negative. This just records the point offset; it does not actually do the probing. See G32.

M566: Set minimum speeds

Example: M566 X20 Y20 Z2 E10

Work around an algorithm limitation of some firmwares, which can’t calculate step timings for a standing start. Teacup Firmware and Smoothieware don’t have this limitation, so M566 is obsolete there.

M566 sets the speeds in mm/minute that axes can do from a standing start. If an accelerating algorithm starts a move with a zero velocity on other firmwares and then accelerates from that, it can give problems when the zero initial velocity is used to calculate a timestep between stepper pulses at the beginning: the timestep ends up being infinite… So these systems have initial small velocities to start at. This sets them.

M567: Set tool mix ratios

Example: M567 P2 E0.1:0.2:0.1:0.6

The example sets the mix ratio for tool 2 (the P value). When mixing is then turned on (see M568), only single E values need to be sent on a G1 command (any extra E values will be ignored, but are not illegal):

G1 X20 E1.3

This will move to X=20 extruding a total length of filament of 1.3mm. The first drive of tool 2 will extrude 0.1*1.3mm, the second 0.2*1.3mm and so on. The ratios don’t have to add up to 1.0 – the calculation done is as just described. But it is best if they do.

See also M568.

M568: Turn off/on tool mix ratios

Example: M568 P2 S0

Turn on/off automatic mix ratios for tool 2. If the S parameter is 0 mixing is turned off; if it is non-zero it is turned on.

After turning off command G1 instructions must send as many E values as the tool has drives:

G1 X20 E0.2:0.4:0.166:0.3

The off state is the default.

M569: Set axis direction values

Example: M569 P0 S1

Set the control value for the drive specified by P that sends it forwards to the given value in the S field. After sending the example, sending a 1 to X (drive 0) will make it go forwards, sending a 0 will make it go backwards. Obviously to be used with extreme caution…

M570: Set heater timeout

Example: M570 S120

After a heater has been switched on, wait 120 seconds for it to get close to the set temperature. If it takes longer than this, flag a heater fault.

M571: Set output on extrude

Example: M571 S0.5

This turns an output on whenever extrusion is being done, and turns it off when the extrusion is finished. The output could control a fan or a stirrer or anything else that needs to work just when extrusion is happening. The S parameter sets the value of the PWM to the output. 0.0 is off; 1.0 is fully on.

M572: Set or report extruder elasticity compensation

Example: M572 P3 S0.06

This sets the compensation time in seconds (S parameter) for Bowden extruder elasticity for the specified drive (P parameter). Supported by Duet-dc42 firmware. It has an effect similar to the EXTRUDER_ADVANCE_K factor in Marlin firmware. Normally, compensation should be applied to extruder drives only (drives 3 and higher).

M665: Set delta configuration (Marlin)

Example: M660 L250 R160 S200

Set the delta calibration variables. L = diagonal rod length, R = delta radius, S = segments per second.

M666: Set delta endstop adjustment (Marlin)

Example M666 X-0.1 Y+0.2 Z0

Sets delta endstops adjustments.

M906: Set motor currents

Example: M906 X300 Y500 Z200 E350

Sets the currents to send to the stepper motors for each axis. The values are in milliamps.

M998: Request resend of line

Example: M998 P34

Request a resend of line 34. In some implementations the input-handling code overwrites the incomming G Code with this when it detects, for example, a checksum error. Then it leaves it up to the GCode interpreter actually to request the resend.

M999: Restart after being stopped by error

Example: M999